Biology of the Reptilia: Index F

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Fabella 1:109

Face, development 14:419–421

Facet articulation 21:603–605

Facial

anatomy 2:280–285

artery 2:50, 75; 21:482

canal 20:72, 196, 223, 232–234, 240, 272

carotid artery 20:460, 504

foramen 2:202, 227; 4:224, 226, 250, 257; 11:15, 26, 43–44, 54–55, 74, 76, 93, 98, 110, 112, 117, 137–140, 145, 160, 163, 170, 173, 186, 189, 203, 206–207, 209, 211, 217–218, 224, 231, 233; 20:72, 126, 128, 206, 222–223, 225, 234, 239–240, 272

ganglion 11:32

musculature 4:442

nerve 2:11, 50, 177, 197; 4:101, 118, 145, 162–164, 188, 226, 285, 287–288, 307, 309, 313, 319, 339, 384, 394; 11:12, 15, 22, 26, 28, 32, 34, 68, 106, 116, 136–137, 139, 146, 148, 160, 207, 214–215, 226, 239

pit 2:278, 280–289, 291–297; 10:292

physiology 2:280, 285–288, 297, 305–314

processes (see Mandibular process; Maxillary

process; Nasal process)

region 20:352, 361, 395, 486, 584

ultrastructure 2:305–314

wing of the maxilla 21:563

Factorial metabolic scope (see Aerobic metabolic

scope)

Factors 8:166, 333, 336, 339–340

Facultative hibernators 13:66–67

Falck-Hillarp method 10:249, 251, 281–282

Fallopian tube 6:85–87

False rib 1:231

Fang(s) (see also Teeth) 1:119, 124, 173, 175–178, 181–184; 5:431; 8:4, 73, 96; 20:488, 494, 497, 499, 501–503, 508, 512, 516–518, 527– 528, 533–535, 539–541, 543–547, 572

canal 8:121

erection 1:176, 178, 182–183; 11:169; 20:496, 516, 518, 542

front-fanged 20:534

sheath 8:74, 95, 120

sockets 20:492, 494, 512, 516, 531, 544, 549

Farancia 5:88, 133, 194; 7:386, 393, 500–501; 16:119–120, 134, 145, 286, 295, 307, 519; 19:228; 20:570, 582

abacura 19:206; 20:653

blood chemistry 3:5, 11, 51

ear 2:272

erytrogramma 19:166, 206; 20:653

eye 2:61

Fascia 5:65; 21:200

colli media 4:134, 174

intermaxillaris profunda 4:175

Fasciculation 21:197

Fasciculus

cuneate and gracile 10:121

dorsolateral 10:80

longitudinal medialis 17:262, 530, 553

medial longitudinal 10:79, 83, 89, 114, 118– 122, 126, 136, 139, 141, 143, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157–158, 161, 163–165, 167, 172, 182–183, 201–202, 206–207, 209–211, 232, 235–236, 238–239, 264

retroflexus (see Tract, habenulopeduncular)

solitary 10:139, 147, 169–170, 190, 202, 206, 209, 213, 216

subcomarginal 10:184

uncinatus 17:546, 568

Fast-albumin 3:50

Fast trot 21:53

-twitch fibers 21:207–208

-twitch glycolytic fibers 21:206

-twitch oxidative fibers 21:206

Fasting (see also Appetite) 5:129, 136, 166, 169, 172, 390–391, 395, 413; 8:91; 13:61–62, 64, 66, 118, 123, 135; 19:512

Fat(ty) (see also Lipids) 3:21, 26, 114, 210; 5:35–36, 79, 81, 402; 13:73, 128; 19:112, 495, 499, 501, 506, 510–513, 524

abdominal 15:346

acid(s) 3:26, 30; 5:199; 6:44; 8:668; 18:123, 153, 155, 169, 171, 194, 199, 203; 19:350–351, 501, 503, 512–513

and epidermal proliferation 14:551

free fatty acids 18:154–155, 203

in development 14:314–315

tissues 5:48

bands 15:318, 326, 331–333, 346, 352

body(ies) (see also Fat droplets) 2:58; 3:36–37, 99, 113; 6:101, 104–105, 332, 342, 350, 352–353; 13:76, 78–79, 94, 101, 211–212, 234; 15:38, 315, 330, 463; 19:486, 512

catabolism 5:172, 206

caudal regeneration 15:315–317, 359, 365–366, 369

conversion 5:172

dedifferentiation 15:355

dermal 14:529; 15:321, 327–328

droplets 6:33, 35, 47, 70, 72, 78

in yolk 15:575

inguinal 14:218

liver or steatosis 19:517, 524

lobules 6:319, 328, 353, 379–380, 389–390, 404, 428

metabolism 19:489, 512–513

by blastocyte 15:565

perivertebral 15:316, 335, 346

storage 1:311–312; 15:333, 346, 370, 575

subcutaneous 15:321, 325, 327–328

tail 15:315–317, 328

tissue 19:562

utilization 15:347

Fate maps 14:116

Fatigue 11:272, 281, 306, 314; 16:21

Faux cornet (see Postconcha)

Faveolus(i) (see also Parenchyma) 19:6–7, 9–11, 13–14, 18, 25, 34, 42–44, 52, 55, 59–60, 62– 64, 68, 76, 96, 108–111, 126, 138, 140–141, 145–146, 160, 162, 169, 328–329, 353

Feathers 14:526–529, 532, 536, 587–588

Fecal

boli

pellets 18:468

visual and chemical signals 18:472

energy loss 13:236

loss 5:381

material 18:116, 120–121, 131, 133–134, 164, 173, 178, 180, 182, 193, 205

pellets 5:97

production 5:170

Feces 5:97–98, 370, 372, 381, 385, 387, 390, 405–406, 483; 12:325, 354

excrement 8:607, 631, 656–657

Fecundity (see also Clutch frequency; Clutch

size; Reproduction; Life history methods;

Life history traits) 13:234, 236, 241, 243; 14:200

components of 7:185–186

lizards 7:185–191

snakes 7:224–227

Feedback control, reproduction 18:2

Feeding (see also Digestion; Eating; Food; Nutritional

State) 3:13, 15–17, 20, 53; 5:23–24, 36, 85, 128, 169, 391, 396–397; 12:135, 145, 232, 301, 446; 13:5–6, 74, 78, 81–82, 118, 120, 123, 136; 18:54, 130, 388, 424–425, 483–492; 19:148, 298, 335, 455, 462, 474, 486, 524; 20:370, 386, 396, 564, 570

adaptation 9:29

apparatus, birds 7:72

behavior 2:296

function 4:245–249

habits 5:24

mimicry (see Mimicry)

rates 5:191

Feet 5:50

Felderstruktur 11:268, 271, 274, 276

Felis 15:341; 16:6, 69; 21:292

catus 20:374

chondrocranium 11:134

muscle tissue 11:281–282, 302

pit organs 2:293–294

Female(s)

coloration

adaptive hypotheses (see Coloration,

female)

heterogametry 18:76, 78

mate choice (see Mating, female; Sexual,

female behavior)

sexual behavior (see Mating, female;

Sexual, female behavior)

follicles 16:359–361, 365–366

maturity criteria 16:354–356

mimicry (see Mimicry, sexual)

reproductive cycles 16:358–360, 399–400, 418–419

Feminization 15:247, 249, 254, 256–258, 260–261, 263, 269, 271, 276; 18:78–81, 84

Femoral

condyle 21:359

gastrocnemius 21:324, 326

gland(s) 6:334, 348, 367, 372, 395–396; 14:571–573

long axis rotation 21:356, 358, 360, 362

nerve 4:63

pore (gland) (see also Gland, femoral) 18:166– 168, 175

pore secretion 18:168

pores 15:453, 471, 474, 477, 481–484, 487, 489, 514

shield 1:315–317, 330

trochanter 21:336, 346, 354, 358–360

vein 3:3; 6:30, 393

Femoroacetabular joint 21:151, 355

Femorofibular

collaterals 21:154

ligament 21:150

Femoromeniscal ligaments 21:154

Femorotibial

collateral ligament 21:150, 154, 159

gastrocnemius 21:18, 324, 326

joint 21:191

Femorotibialis 21:323

Femortibialis 21:206

Femur 1:88, 91, 96, 98–99, 104, 109; 3:243; 4:5, 8, 55–58, 65–68, 70, 72–75, 82, 84, 87–88, 95–96; 6:331–332, 393; 21:13, 19, 22, 38–39, 41–42, 46–47, 52–54, 58, 136, 139, 147, 149, 1541–154, 157, 159, 191, 206, 321, 326, 328, 336–338, 340, 342, 344, 346, 348–350, 355–356, 368–361, 367, 371, 376

development 15:74, 78–80, 110, 114, 119

growth annuli 14:350

ossification 14:313

rudiment 15:15, 101, 107–110, 118, 120

Fenestra

basalis 11:19

basicranialis anterior 9:2

basicranialis posterior 9:7

cochleare (see Perilymphatic foramen)

epioptica 4:250–251, 254–255; 9:2, 5–6; 11:21, 90, 112, 119, 124, 231, 233, 236

epiotica 11:15, 22, 55

exochoanalis 11:61

exonarina 20:14

hyoidis 4:159, 175

hypophyseal 9:5, 7

lateralis 11:15–16, 46, 49–50, 52, 55, 57, 65, 71–72, 75, 77, 79, 86–88, 92, 96, 103–104, 106, 120, 140, 142, 158, 197, 225

metoptica 4:250–251; 9:2, 6–7, 56, 94, 112–113; 11:15, 21, 43–44, 55, 90, 109, 116, 121, 210, 231, 233, 236

narina 4:250; 11:12, 15–16, 18–19, 49, 54–55, 66, 68, 72, 75–77, 86, 88, 93, 98, 119, 127, 140–141, 160, 166, 173, 181, 208–209, 211, 229, 231–233

olfactoria 9:6, 10; 11:12, 15, 18, 76, 88, 93–94, 97–98, 110, 117, 122, 126, 140, 142, 160, 166, 173, 180, 202, 208–209, 211–212, 231

olfactoria advehens 11:16, 18–19, 87, 96, 142, 195, 202, 208

olfactoria evehens 11:16, 18–19, 77, 142, 195, 202, 208

optica 4:250–251, 254–255; 9:2, 6, 18; 11:12, 15, 21, 24, 44, 52, 54–55, 66, 68, 76, 85, 90, 93–94, 98, 103, 110, 112, 115, 117, 119, 124, 206, 209–210, 224, 230–231, 233, 236; 14:125

ovalis 1:12, 25, 31; 4:257; 9:59, 105, 108, 113, 117, 125, 131; 11:22, 25, 27–28, 31, 45, 55, 57, 76, 84, 98, 112, 117, 139, 147, 150, 173, 182, 185, 207, 211, 221–222; 12:137; 20:11, 31, 33–34, 39, 42, 73, 89, 114, 126, 128, 148, 150, 164, 183, 186, 193, 195, 204, 206, 209, 216–217, 223, 226, 244, 246, 248, 272, 282, 450, 484–485; 21:496, 525

postotica 9:15–16

premaxillaris (see Foramen incisivum)

prootica 4:250–251; 9:2, 6, 71; 11:12, 21, 30, 32, 55, 68, 90, 109, 209, 231, 233, 236

pseudorotunda 9:14; 11:238, 246; 21:489, 502

pseudorotundo 2:233, 259, 261

rotunda 11:27, 29, 60, 100, 105, 107, 112, 145; 20:34, 416; 21:499

septa 9:2, 18

septi 11:94, 97

septi nasi 11:208–209

sterni 21:66

superior 11:15–16, 46, 48, 65–66, 71, 75–76, 86–87, 90, 92, 96, 103–104, 117, 120, 122, 126–127, 141, 158, 202, 208, 225

vestibuli (see Vestibular window; Fenestra

ovalis)

vomeronasalis 11:152

X 11:3, 78, 138–140, 144, 159–160, 163, 166, 172–173, 186, 189, 203

“x” 21:515, 530

Ferric ferricyanide 3:279, 282, 287, 299, 301, 303

Ferricyanide 5:275

Ferritin 11:316; 19:515

Fertility 14:276, 498; 15:457

Fertilization 6:62, 78, 92, 94–96, 121; 14:13, 279, 347–348, 516; 15:3, 38, 40, 47, 464; 16:312–313, 315; 18:28, 56, 378, 380–381

Fetus(al) 19:148, 488

blood oxygen affinity 15:562–563

capillaries 15:551, 556, 558, 564, 575, 594

definition of 14:16

hemoglobin 3:44

hormones 14:716

-maternal shift in affinity for oxygen 5:266

membrane(s) (see also Extra-embryonic membranes) 14:16, 278

formation 15:548–549

vascularization 15:536–540

metabolism 15:562, 571, 575

proteins 15:571, 575

Feulgen

reaction 6:229, 294

staining 14:12, 44

Feylinia 8:680; 9:322; 15:115; 16:141; 20:138, 140–142, 144–149, 252; 21:485

adrenal 3:280

axial muscles 11:357, 381, 383–386, 402, 422

axial skeleton 1:242, 247, 253–255, 257–258, 262, 266–267, 269–270

blood cell morphology 3:77, 81

chondrocranium 11:85

currori 20:142–143, 298, 307

dentition 1:166

ear 2:271

elegans 20:298

jaw muscles 4:358, 360

pituitary 3:175

polylepis 21:7

Feyliniidae (Feylinidae) 8:46; 9:166; 15:324–325, 334; 17:248

adrenal 3:280

axial skeleton 1:242, 259, 263

blood cell morphology 3:77

ear 2:240–241

eye 2:14, 87

histology of gut 6:229, 299

jaw muscles 4:316, 358–361, 418

pituitary 3:136, 143, 146, 151, 154, 175–176, 192, 194

thyroid 3:205

Feylininae 20:138, 140–141, 307

Fiber(s) 8:631

climbing 17:513, 526

collagenous 3:276, 278, 281, 286

elastic 3:207, 276, 286

fast glycolytic (FG) 11:266, 280–282, 284, 296

fast oxidative-glycolytic (FOG) 11:266–267, 280–282, 294, 296

fast twitch 11:268, 273, 280, 285, 290–291, 295, 297, 300, 303, 306, 335

fatigue-resistant (FR) 11:280, 285

fatigue-sensitive (FF) 11:280

muscle 3:286

parallel 17:513–514

red 11:275–276, 279, 281–283, 286

reticular 3:120–121, 276, 278, 281, 286

slow (β) 11:266, 280, 285, 306, 314

slow-twitch oxidative (SO) 11:266–268, 280–281, 286, 290–291, 295–297, 300, 303, 335

tonic 11:266, 268–272, 274–276, 278–279, 281–282, 284–286, 288–291, 294–298, 300, 302–303, 314, 334

twitch 11:266, 268–276, 278–279, 282, 284–185, 288–290, 294, 298, 300, 302, 308, 314, 334–335

type composition 21:206

typing 21:205

white 11:275–276, 279, 281–283, 286, 293

Fibrillation, muscular 8:467

Fibrillenstruktur 11:267, 276, 295

Fibrin 3:34; 8:335, 337–440, 491–492, 494; 19:521

Fibrinogen 3:27, 34; 8:334–440, 491–492, 494– 495, 498; 13:91–92; 19:514–515

denaturation 8:491

Fibrinogenocoagulase (see also Coagulase) 8:165, 324

Fibrinolysis 8:192, 491

Fibrinolytic

activity (factor) 8:166, 496, 528

system 8:494

Fibrinopenia 8:495

Fibrinopeptide (A) 8:332, 494

Fibroblast(s) 2:214, 216, 238; 6:57,60, 72, 82, 92, 97–99, 103; 8:500; 14:56, 529–530, 560, 562, 567, 617

in caudal regeneration 15:358

thecal 15:579

Fibrocartilage 1:81–83, 108

Fibrocyte 6:161–163, 218, 235–236, 411; 9:329, 431

Fibrocytes 3:281

Fibrosis 19:517–518, 521

“Fibrous” bone 1:49

Fibrous

cartilage 1:330

connective tissues 20:358, 376, 383, 397, 480

cushion of mandibular adductor tendon 4:205, 211, 215, 219, 221, 239–240, 258

matrix 1:49

Fibrovesicular tissue 1:91, 103, 108, 110–111

Fibula 3:243; 4:58–59, 63, 66, 82–84, 88–89, 96–97; 14:447; 21:10, 22–23, 42, 120, 150, 152–154, 156–157, 159, 161–162, 167, 170, 191, 350, 366–367, 384–386, 388

development 15:78, 80, 110, 114

ossification 14:313

rudiment 15:121

suppression 15:115

Fibular-astragalocalcaneal

joint 21:10

condyle 4:55–56

epicondyle 4:55–56, 87–88

Fibulare (see also Calcaneum) 15:77, 80–81; 21:120, 162–164, 166

Ficimia 15:647; 16:119; 19:232; 20:565

ear 2:272

olivacea 19:153, 168, 206; 20:639

publia 19:141, 153, 206

ruspator 19:206

streckeri 19:142, 206

Fick equation 5:250; 16:573

principle 5:251, 282–283, 302

Fick’s law 14:550; 19:52, 431–432, 464

law of diffusion 12:449–451

Field

control 1:325

L 10:191, 330

metabolism 13:189–192, 238, 240, 255, 263

aerobic 13:190–191

anaerobic 13:191–192

behavior 13:190–191, 193

Fifth

digit 21:42, 180, 182–184, 186, 191

distal carpal 21:117, 128, 317

distal tarsal 21:10, 176, 184–185

metacarpal 21:10, 128, 136, 285, 289–290, 298–300, 314

metatarsal 21:10, 16, 163, 165, 173, 175–176, 180–186, 191, 367–368, 376–377, 380, 388, 390–391, 393

tarsale 21:165

Filaments 11:269, 273–274, 295

Filiform projection 5:197

Filtered

calcium 5:482

phosphate 5:482

potassium 5:478–479

sodium 5:465–468, 470–471, 482

Filtering nephrons 5:465, 470

Filtration 5:276, 458, 461, 464; 19:489

coefficient 5:459

pressure 6:35

rate 5:448, 455–460, 476

Fimbrios 19:224; 21:524, 555, 584; 20:556, 573–574

eye 2:49

jaw muscles 4:481

klossi 19:206; 20:631; 21:532, 578

Fine-cancellous bone 1:49–50, 77

segment of uriniferous tubule (see Intermediate

segment of uriniferous tubule)

Finger bud 14:26

Fink-Heimer stain 17:176

Finquel 5:45

First

ceratobranchiale 21:229, 233

distal carpal 21:118, 120, 122, 125, 128–129

distal tarsal 21:118, 120, 122, 125, 128–129

dorsal constrictor 21:480, 511, 551

intercentrum 21:544

metacarpal 21:10, 127, 129, 285, 290–291, 296–298

metatarsal 21:163, 165, 168, 177, 179–181, 387, 389

sternal rib 21:238

tarsale 21:176

Fish(es) (including commonly named taxa) 5:14, 157, 165, 170, 206, 229, 248, 251, 253, 258, 276, 303, 341, 344, 408, 413, 428, 436; 7:614, 622–623, 631; 8:2, 5, 377, 594, 605, 608, 612, 618; 9:383, 409, 418, 422; 10:290, 325, 332; 12:5, 46–47, 227, 233, 256, 353, 356, 398; 13:12, 155–156, 166, 175, 244; 16:8, 51, 112, 163, 173, 183, 203–204, 212, 293, 308, 312–315; 19:67, 310, 316, 324, 341, 376–377, 426, 489, 491, 498, 503–504, 507–508, 515, 524, 535–537, 541, 543–544, 561–567, 570–578

autotomy 15:303

axial skeleton 1:207

blood chemistry 3:25

branchial cleft 14:416

dentition 1:117, 125–126

-eating 4:245–246, 249, 267–268, 280

effect of temperature on sex 15:281–282

epidermis 14:531

epiphyses and sesamoids 1:106

eye 2:82, 84

gill formation 14:416

hermaphroditism 15:282

histology of gut 6:232

immune system 14:666

internal relief of gut 6:219

lymphatics 6:315, 357

muscle tissue 11:292, 317

origin and evolution 1:30, 36

pancreas 3:328–329, 333, 341

parthenogenesis 15:413

regeneration 15:413

scales 14:526

thymus 3:116

thyroid 3:201

urogenital system 6:1, 36, 52

Fissura

metotica 4:227, 249; 9:3, 7, 13–14, 59; 20:382, 390, 416, 485, 591

orbitonasalis 9:7

palatina lateralis (see Choanal groove; Lateral

choanal fissure)

prima 17:500, 504

secunda 17:500, 504

Fissure, anterior median 10:62

Fitch’s method 16:345

Fitness 16:333

Flaccid paralysis 8:449, 454

Flagella 6:94

Flagellata, blood cell morphology 3:88

Flagellum 2:157

Flammability 5:49

Flange 20:18

Flash response 10:297

Flaxedil 8:463

Flexion

of the forelimb 4:5, 11, 28, 34–35, 45–49

of the hindlimb 4:58, 66, 68, 75, 78–79, 88–90, 96

Flexor

accessorius 21:373

carpi radialis 21:213

carpi ulnaris 1:109; 21:213

cruris 21:35, 322, 327, 353, 361–363

digitorum longus 21:212, 324

hallucis 21:324

of the fifth metatarsal 21:393

plate 4:22, 40, 46–51, 88–89

tendon 4:19, 22, 40, 46, 48–49, 51, 62, 71, 77, 83, 88–89, 93

tibialis 21:335

tibialis externus 21:203, 323, 331, 335

tibialis internus 21:203, 323, 331, 335

Flexores

breves profunbdi 21:317

digitores breves 21:213, 324

Flexure

cervical 9:177–178

cranial 9:1, 174, 178

pontine 9:177–178

Flicker fusion (see Senses)

Flies 5:27

Flippers, development 14:296

Floating rib 1:231

Flocculation 8:342, 365

Floccular recess 20:72

Flocculus 9:51, 53, 58, 86, 88, 95, 97–98, 113–114, 125–126, 128, 130–134; 17:497, 499–501, 504, 537, 540, 543, 557, 564

Floor plate 9:179

Flower-spray ending 11:317, 325

Fluctuating asymmetry 21:49

Fluid

balance 19:468

compartments (see Body fluids)

concentration 5:422, 426, 433

reabsorption 5:385

Fluorescein 8:125, 128, 144

isothiocyanate 8:129

Fluorescence 10:10, 18, 24, 26, 35, 39–40, 265–266, 269, 276, 281; 18:168

microscopy 6:256

Fluorescent

antibody 8:129, 362

lamps 5:24

Fluoride 3:46 5-Fluoro-2-Desoxyuridine 14:456, 458–459, 462

Fluorochromes 20:521

Fluorometry 10:248

Fluothane 3:2; 5:48; 8:96

FMRFamide 17:685–686

Fog 12:360

Folds in wall of digestive tract 6:161–222, 417, 419–421

Foley catheter 5:98

Folic acid 3:38

Follicle(s) (see also under specific organs; Ovarian

follicle; Reproduction) 5:36; 18:35

cells (see also Granulosa) 14:62–63

follicular cycle 18:34–35

follicular stages 18:54

of thyroid gland 6:328

stimulating hormone (FSH) (see also Ovarian

follicle) 6:80, 116, 121; 13:208, 218–219, 221–222; 14:51, 64, 346, 709; 15:587–588; 17:605; 18:33

Follicular growth (see also Ovarian follicle) 14:341–342

Folliculine 15:254

Food 5:3–4, 27, 128, 169, 318, 366, 370–371, 382, 387, 391–392, 398, 402–403, 407, 436; 8:8, 589, 698; 12:56, 145, 286, 302, 325, 353, 356–357, 384; 13:1–2, 295–297; 18:163, 193, 198

chemical breakdown 8:591–592, 631

consumption 5:169–170

decomposition rate 8:665

intake 16:302–305, 309, 312

mechanical reduction 8:592, 631, 647–654

ontogenetic change of 8:658

pH 8:665

presentation 5:24

putrefaction 8:665

rate of passage 8:654–655, 665

specializations 5:318

storage 1:311–312

supplementation 13:295–297, 301

supply 13:65, 211–212, 295–297

Foot pads 14:550, 577, 580, 584, 587

Foot-pieces 33–34, 36, 38, 40, 46, 48, 54, 66, 85

Footfall patterns 21:47, 52

Footplate (see also stapedial footplate) 20:34, 75, 102, 114, 126, 135–136, 148, 157, 193, 195, 216, 224, 247, 249, 272

of the columella auris 11:25–28, 31, 34–35, 46, 54–55, 57, 66, 68–69, 76, 78–79, 93, 98, 100, 105–107, 119, 124, 132, 139–140, 147–148, 160, 163, 173, 182–183, 204, 222, 233, 238, 243

of stapes 2:197, 199–200, 219, 224–231, 233–234, 236–237, 247–248, 250, 252, 255–258, 260; 21:496

Foraging 18:175, 426

activities 13:304

behavior (see Life history traits, foraging

mode)

antipredator mechanisms 16:27, 38, 47–48, 59, 61, 64, 180–181, 206–208, 212–214, 264, 495

parental care 16:302–305

strategies 7:22, 273–277, 279, 282, 289–290

mixed 7:290

searching 7:177–178, 282, 299

sit and wait 7:273, 276

Foramen

IX–X 21:494

IXa 21:500

IXb 21:493

abducens 9:44, 80, 99, 113

acousticum 9:13–14, 44

acusticum anterius 4:250; 20:72

acusticum posterius 4:250

aërerum 4:205, 215, 217, 219–221, 237, 255–256, 258

apicale 11:15–19, 45, 52, 55, 74–76, 93–94, 97–98, 103, 106, 108, 117, 126, 142, 200, 208, 232–233

caroticum anterius 4:224, 228

caroticum posterius 4:205, 214, 217, 219, 221, 226, 238, 254–256

carotid 9:5, 81, 122

cochleae (see Perilymphatic foramen)

endolymphatic 9:7

endolymphaticum 4:250

epiphaniale 11:15–16, 18–19, 46, 51–52, 55, 66, 72, 79, 87–88, 93–94, 96, 103, 110, 126–127, 140, 142, 160, 163, 165–166, 173, 176, 208–209, 232, 240

“f” 21:520–521

facial 9:13–14, 44, 58

for cerebral carotid 21:531

for dorsal constrictor branch of trigeminal 20:441, 502, 543, 562

for facial nerve 20:361, 379, 441–442, 463

for mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve 20:361, 399, 407, 431, 434, 441–442, 453, 455, 458, 462–463, 465, 467, 473, 477, 507, 511, 513, 525, 527, 533, 538–541, 543, 562, 564–566, 571

for maxillary and mandibular branches of

trigeminal (undivided) 20:361, 365, 369, 371, 379, 389, 391

for maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve 20:361, 399, 407, 431, 434, 439, 441–442, 453, 455, 463, 465–467, 473, 479, 502, 511, 513, 525, 527, 533, 538–541, 543, 562, 564, 566, 571

for palatine branch of facial nerve 20:379, 453

for re-entry of the cid-nerve 21:516

for suborbital branch of maxillary nerve 20:427, 444, 481

for vomeronasal nerve 20:406, 470, 568

glossopharyngeal 9:14–15, 44, 80, 99, 115, 117, 119, 128

of Huxley 2:229, 233

hypoglossal 9:3, 34, 44, 59, 77, 104, 108, 121, 124

incisivum 4:204, 209–210, 213, 216, 218, 220, 222, 229, 234, 254, 256, 258, 274–275

intermandibularis caudalis 4:205, 211, 215, 217, 219, 221, 241

intermandibularis medius 4:205, 211, 215, 217, 219, 221, 241

intermandibularis oralis 4:241, 258

intertympanicum 4:278

juglar 9:15–16, 59

jugulare 21:493

jugulare anterius 11:213

lacerum posterius 21:493

of Leydig 21:146

magnum 4:147, 224, 226, 268; 9:7, 50, 58–59, 83–84, 95, 102, 105, 108, 114, 121, 124, 126, 134, 295, 298, 303; 11:12, 27, 29, 56, 60, 93, 112, 117, 144, 151, 213, 231, 233; 20:15, 115, 124, 363, 374, 526, 567, 587, 589; 21:545

mandibulae 4:188–189

metopticum 9:11, 57, 95, 100

occipitale magnum (see Foramen magnum)

oculomotor 9:44, 99, 113

olfactorium evehens 9:5

opti 9:6, 10, 51, 44, 48, 56, 70, 76, 81, 94, 96, 99, 104, 117, 119

orbitale magnum 9:9; 11:155, 163, 185; 20:428

otico-parietale 9:12

ovale 4:119, 202, 205, 211, 214, 217, 219, 221, 224, 227–229, 235–238, 255, 257, 320, 342, 367, 405, 407, 425, 438, 464; 19:436; 20:365, 390, 407, 441, 507, 526, 529, 531, 539–540, 567

of Panizza 5:8, 289, 291; 14:437; 19:390–391, 395–398, 403, 429–430, 434–435, 437–441

parietal 9:57, 69, 76, 78, 119–120, 122–124, 126–128, 130–134, 248, 290–295, 297–298, 300–302, 336

pituitary 9:126

prepalatinum 11:208–209, 211–212

prooticum 9:3, 7, 12–13

pseudorotunda 20:438, 441–442, 497, 562

sacrale 1:233, 264

sphenoidale 9:12

spike 19:440

trochlear 9:44, 51, 99, 108, 129

trigeminal 9:14, 44, 48, 58, 70, 98–99, 104, 118–119, 121, 129, 132–134

vagi 4:205, 211, 214, 217, 219, 221, 224, 226, 254–256

vagus 9:15, 44, 77, 80, 99, 115, 117, 119, 128

Foramina

in tooth-bearing bone 1:188

subcentralis 1:235–236, 245–246, 276–277, 286

Force 11:303, 306

-feeding 5:23

-velocity curve 11:293, 299, 301, 303, 308

Forced copulation 18:26

Fordonia 19:228; 21:571, 588; 20:561, 570, 572, 574, 580

leucobalia 19:142, 206; 20:553–554, 571, 575, 580, 630

Fore-mandible 21:608

Fore-maxilla 21:556–557

Fore-tongue 21:546

Forebrain (see also Prosencephalon) 2:4, 6; 4:228, 232, 251; 9:10, 44, 53, 55, 83, 115, 121–122, 127–128, 135, 138; 10:6, 253, 291, 314, 327, 332; 11:20, 42, 86, 107, 206, 223; 12:219; 14:398, 400, 432–433, 506, 508, 513–514

chamber 21:537

Foregut (see also Esophagus; Stomach) 3:320; 14:174, 386, 400, 438, 713; 19:487–488, 564, 572

Foreign buffers 5:58

Forelimb development 14:95, 159, 176, 400–404, 448

Forked rib (see Bifurcated ribs)

Formaldehyde 8:355

-glutaraldehyde 6:48

Formalin 3:238, 292–294, 297, 303; 6:226

Fornix 10:308

Fossa

columellae 20:25, 51, 55, 76, 88, 112, 115, 124, 134, 146, 180, 192, 266, 278, 280, 282

parietalis 20:17

sigmoidea major 21:116

sigmoidea minor 21:116

temporalis inferior 4:107–108, 113, 115, 119, 124–126, 131, 143, 295

temporalis superior 4:105–106, 108, 124–126, 138, 233, 296, 299, 301, 313–314, 322, 324, 341, 357, 361, 365, 378, 391, 469

Fossil(s) 5:191; 19:67; 20:80, 99, 101–102, 104, 117, 137, 158, 161, 167, 195–196, 198, 208–209, 216, 218, 226, 234–235, 269, 274, 279, 358, 508, 582, 584, 587, 594

record 1:1

reptiles (see also Cretaceous reptiles; Jurassic

reptiles; Permian reptiles; Triassic

reptiles) 15:340

Fossorial 18:139; 20:352–353, 365–367, 387, 390, 396, 401, 444, 456, 460, 490–492, 496, 563, 567, 583, 585, 591

adaptations (see also Burrowing, modification

for habits; Burrowing habits) 11:67, 83, 85, 104–105, 107–108, 131, 134–135, 149, 155, 180, 182, 188, 193, 195, 197–198, 202

habits (see Burrowing habits)

species 15:381, 611, 617, 623, 631, 636, 638, 643–644, 648, 665–666, 669, 672, 674, 676, 679

Fouette-queque (see Uromastyx)

Founder effect 7:445

Fourier analysis 5:94

Fourth

centrale 21:163

digit 21:47, 180

distal carpal 21:117–118, 127–128, 316–318

distal tarsal 21:163, 165–166, 168, 175–178, 182–183, 185, 191, 372, 383–384, 392

metacarpal 21:128, 132, 284–285

metatarsal 21:173, 175–176, 180–182, 387–388, 393–394

tarsale 21:168–169, 171, 173, 175–176, 183

ventricle 2:208; 10:212, 254, 257–258, 270; 11:214

Fovea 2:4, 13, 15–16, 20–21, 23, 36, 40–41, 45, 65–66, 72, 84, 87; 17:28, 99, 343

apicis dentis 21:544

centralis 2:16, 36, 40

dentis 20:408, 416, 427

externa 2:16

temporalis 2:16, 36, 40, 45

Fractionation

acetone 8:176

alcohol 8:176

ammonium-sulfate 8:177

Fracture callus 1:77

Fracture planes

and autotomy 15:303–341, 374

and blood vessels 15:322

and centrum 15:312

and dermis 15:321

and spinal cord 15:321, 332

and transverse processes 15:305–306, 308, 325, 329, 332–334, 338–340

and vertebral column 15:321

development 15:308–315

evolution 15:331, 340–341

in urodeles 15:359

loss with age 15:330, 343

phylogeny 15:333–334

France 2:322

Free

nerve endings 2:278; 17:368

nerve terminal 9:418, 436

operant responding 7:615

radicals 19:508, 524

-running 18:230, 238, 243, 246–247, 249

-running period 18:231, 274

-running rhythm 18:244, 264

Freeze-dried 8:563

-drying 5:103

Frequencies 5:52, 85

Frequency response 5:84

Fresh water 3:3, 13–15, 17

Freshwater species 5:366, 380, 388, 391, 395, 397, 416, 422, 440, 455–456

Freund’s adjuvant 8:566

Fright dives 5:322

Frog(s) (see also Anura) 5:1, 10, 54, 307, 383; 7:595; 8:94, 456–458, 460, 465, 467–468, 470, 480, 509, 513, 590, 594–596, 618; 10:11, 27, 29, 32, 78–79, 84–85, 94–95, 101, 170, 278, 280, 282, 291, 299, 303, 307, 315, 324; 12:9, 39, 69, 227, 229, 235, 238, 318, 350, 398, 423; 16:9, 112, 173, 242, 293, 305

eating 20:495

glomerulus 5:1

Frontal(s) 4:116, 139, 204–205, 209–211, 213–214, 216–222, 228, 231–232, 247, 250–251, 253–257, 272, 275, 374, 394, 459, 471; 11:17, 20, 22, 24, 39, 60, 62–63, 68, 70–73, 80–81, 83–85, 91, 93, 100, 104–107, 110–112, 119, 122, 124–125, 128–129, 132–134, 143, 152–155, 164–166, 170, 175, 179, 181, 184–185, 199, 201, 209, 212, 219, 224, 231, 235, 237, 240, 244; 20:14–19, 26, 44, 46, 48, 54, 56, 62, 67, 74, 76, 81–82, 84, 86, 91, 95–96, 98, 100, 103, 106–108, 116, 118, 121, 128, 130–132, 136, 140, 149, 154–155, 157, 160, 165, 168, 170, 173, 176, 181, 185, 188–189, 194–195, 200, 203, 208, 210–212, 217–221, 225, 228–229, 234, 236, 240, 242–244, 247–248, 252, 254, 258, 275, 278, 280, 282–284, 287, 355, 357, 361–363, 365, 368–375, 379–383, 387–389, 391–392, 394–395, 397, 399, 402–405, 407, 409–412, 414–417, 420–422, 425–428, 431, 434, 436, 438–441, 445, 447, 450, 453, 455–456, 458, 462–463, 465, 467, 471–473, 475–479, 484– 485, 489–492, 497–511, 513, 523, 526–527, 532–533, 535–543, 554–555, 557, 559–560, 562, 564, 566–569, 571, 588; 21:513, 528, 539–540, 551, 558, 579, 581–583, 586, 588, 591; 21:533, 537, 573, 577

accumulation 10:63, 65, 100

artery 2:7, 10, 12

bone(s) 2:6, 9, 13, 48–49, 66–67, 73, 81; 8:105; 21:561

descending processes 21:534

flange(s) 20:362, 370, 394, 398, 402, 415, 424, 426, 432, 456, 462, 476, 540, 561

lappets 20:188

facets 20:537, 556

nerve 2:7, 11–12

ossification 14:312

-parietal joint 20:370–371, 382, 398, 406, 415, 426, 432, 477–479, 484, 526, 563

-parietal joint or suture 20:477

ramus of opthalmic nerve 2:74

tabs 20:176

vein 2:13, 67

Fronto-nasal process 21:571

Fronto-parietal suture 9:44, 72, 90

Frontonasal

groove 14:135

process 11:175; 14:420, 686, 713

Fructose 5:206; 8:641–642

diphosphatase 5:200

FSH (see Follicle stimulating hormone)

cell (see Beta cell)

Fuchsinophily 3:207; 6:70, 72

Füllgewebe 2:168, 170–171

Function 5:2

Functional residual capacity 19:50–51

Functional study 10:126

Fundic

cells (see Serous cells)

glands 6:244–246, 261–262

mucosa 5:38

Fundulus 14:7

Fundus 19:506

of stomach (see also Papillar bar; Corpus of

stomach) 6:180, 202, 214, 255, 262–264

of urinary bladder 6:336

Fungal infection(s) (see also Pathology) 14:553; 16:292, 299, 301; 19:521

Fungi 8:620

thermophilic 14:373

Fungiform eminence (see Mushroom body)

Funiculus

dorsal 10:63–66, 68, 82, 95, 97, 120–123, 139, 147, 172, 179, 189, 202, 204

lateral 10:64–66, 68, 78, 80, 82, 85, 88, 92, 95, 97–98, 118, 121–123, 139, 147, 166, 168, 170, 174, 179, 184, 187, 189, 192

ventral 10:64–66, 85–86, 89–90, 95, 98, 120–121, 125, 184

Funnel cords 6:50

Furcifer 20:105, 295

Furina 8:20; 15:654; 19:222; 20:550

barnardi 19:152 (as Glyphodon), 197; 20:627

christieanus 8:20; 20:627

diadema 8:20; 19:197; 20:627

dummalli 19:197

ornata 19:197

Fusimotor system 11:317, 325, 330, 334

Fusion 20:355–356, 361–362, 374, 376, 378–383, 388–390, 392–393, 398, 403–408, 410, 412, 415, 423, 426, 443, 451, 459, 474, 476–479, 483–484, 487, 491, 520–521, 524, 527, 531– 532, 540, 554, 559, 563, 565, 567, 618

Future research 16:65–69, 267, 305, 368–369, 389–390, 497–500, 586

 

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